Came across this blog about one of my all-time favorite films: The Maltese Falcon. The last sentence says all that need be said: Nobody will ever make a better Sam Spade than Humphrey Bogart.
01.27.12
Guest blogger Angela Petteys
(Note: Links not operative)
When you have more than one screen adaptation of a novel, usually one
is more faithful to the book than the other. However, in the case of
Dashiell Hammett's
The Maltese Falcon, it has two pretty accurate translations. The first version, released in 1931, stars
Ricardo Cortez as detective Sam Spade,
Bebe Daniels, and
Thelma Todd, and it does a pretty good job of sticking to the source material. However, director
John Huston's 1941 film, with
Humphrey Bogart,
Mary Astor, and
Sydney Greenstreet,
is an even more accurate representation. It doesn’t stick to the novel
exactly, but most of the dialogue is taken verbatim and the key story
elements are kept intact. (
Editor's Note: There was also a very loose 1936 adaptation, with Warren William and Bette Davis, entitled Satan Met a Lady.)
Most of the differences are pretty subtle and probably were changed
for the sake of pacing. For example, in the 1941 movie Sam finds out
about the arrival of the boat La Paloma after he wakes up in Kasper
(“The Fat Man”) Gutman’s hotel room and starts looking around the room.
It’s a much more drawn out process in the book. In the book, Sam finds
out Brigid O’Shaughnessy didn’t go to his secretary Effie’s apartment
like she was supposed to. Instead, she had the cab stop to get a
newspaper, then she asked to be brought to the ferry building. So Sam
gets a copy of the paper in question to look for clues, but doesn’t
figure it out until he starts snooping around Joel Cairo’s room and
notices that the newspaper section with ship arrivals was of particular
interest to him. Although there’s nothing wrong with the way that part
plays out as written by Hammett, if it were filmed that way, it would
have slowed the picture down. Another difference is that the character
of Gutman’s daughter is completely absent from the Bogart movie (as well
as from the Ricardo Cortez version, for that matter), but she wasn’t
exactly a vital character in the book.
A lot of the other changes were definitely made because of
Hollywood’s production codes. What’s interesting about that content is
that neither the 1931 nor the 1941 version gets it exactly right. The
1931 film tends to be a bit more scandalous than the book was, but it
does include things that were in the book that couldn’t be included in
the 1941 remake. There’s no way director Huston could have gotten away
with the scene where Spade strip searches O’Shaughnessy after noticing
that $1,000 of the $10,000 Gutman promised him was missing, but it was
in the 1931 version. The 1941 movie also really had to downplay the fact
that Cairo and Wilmer were both supposed to be gay, whereas the earlier
adaptation made that fact much clearer. In the book, when O’Shaughnessy
finds out that Sam has been talking to Cairo--who is prepared to pay
more money than she can-- she offers to sleep with him and proceeds to
spend the night at Sam’s apartment. When it comes to that part in the
1941 version, Brigid can’t offer herself to Spade or spend the night, so
Sam just kisses her instead. As for Spade’s affair with Iva Archer, his
partner Miles’s widow, the 1941 movie actually depicts what went on
more accurately than the 1931 version. The first film made that affair
more salacious than the book described. First of all, the book made Iva
Archer out to be a little past her prime, which Thelma Todd most
certainly was not. There also weren’t any scenes involving Iva showing
up at Sam’s apartment and finding Brigid wearing her kimono, nor were
there any of Miles listening on the extension while Sam and Iva set up a
tryst.
I really enjoyed reading The Maltese Falcon, and I think anyone who
likes either movie version would, too. Like I said, what you see in the
two screen adaptations is pretty much what you get in the novel. And
since it’s not a terribly long book, either, I definitely recommend
reading it. As for which movie I prefer, I think it goes without saying
that the Humphrey Bogart version wins hands down. The Ricardo Cortez
version is good, but it doesn’t have the flawless cast and direction
that the later one did. I always loved the cast of the 1941 film, but
while I was reading the book and got to read exactly how each character
was described, I feel like that version had some of the most perfect
casting of all time. Nobody will ever make a better Sam Spade than
Humphrey Bogart.
Angela runs the blog The Hollywood Revue and is a classic film enthusiast from Detroit. To keep up with the latest from The Hollywood Revue, please join her on Facebook.